Izinyathelo Zokuqaphela Ukusetshenziswa Komshini Wokugoqa Wephrofayela

      Ngizobhala indatshana yesiNgisi ephelele mayelana nezinyathelo zokuphepha zokusebenzisa i-aumshini wokugoqa iphrofayili, okuhlanganisa ukulungiswa kwangaphambi kokusebenza, ukuphepha kokusebenza, ukunakekelwa, ukuphatha izimo eziphuthumayo nezinye izici ezibalulekile, ngokuhambisana nezinkambiso zokusebenza kwemishini yezimboni.

Izinyathelo Zokuqaphela Ukusetshenziswa Komshini Wokugoqa Wephrofayela

     Umshini wokugoqa iphrofayili uyingxenye eyisisekelo yemishini yezimboni esetshenziswa kakhulu ekucubunguleni iphrofayili yensimbi, ukwakhiwa, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwehadiwe. Icubungula amashidi ensimbi, amapheshana, kanye namaphrofayili abe yizimo ezithile ngokugoqeka nokukwakheka okuqhubekayo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokusebenza, ukunweba impilo yesevisi yezinto zokusebenza, nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo ecutshunguliwe, ukuthobela ngokuqinile izicaciso zokusebenza kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwayo. Lesi sihloko sichaza kabanzi ngezinyathelo ezibalulekile zokusetshenziswa kwemishini yokugoqa amaphrofayili ezicini ezinhlanu: ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokusebenza, izinkambiso ezisemthethweni zokusebenza, ukugcinwa kokugcinwa kwangemuva kokuhlinzwa, ukuvikela ukuphepha, nokuphatha amaphutha.

Pre-operation Ukulungiselela

     Ukulungiswa okwanele kwangaphambi kokusebenza kuyisisekelo sokusebenza kahle nokuphephile komshini wokugoqa iphrofayili, ongagwema ngokuphumelelayo ukwehluleka kwemishini kanye nezingozi zokuphepha ezibangelwa ukulungiswa okungalungile.

Okokuqala, opharetha kufanele bathole ukuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe futhi bajwayelane nesakhiwo, ukusebenza, izinqubo zokusebenza, nezixwayiso zokuphepha zomshini wokugoqa iphrofayela. Abasebenzi abangagunyaziwe banqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa imishini ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa. Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, funda ngokucophelela imanuwali yemishini futhi uqinisekise ukuthi bazi kahle zonke izinto ezibalulekile zokusebenza.

     Okwesibili, yenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezinto zokusebenza. Hlola ukuthi isisetshenziswa samandla kagesi, isekethe, kanye nesiphansi akulungile futhi azinzile yini ukuze uvimbele izingozi zokushaqeka kukagesi ezibangelwa izintambo ezixegayo noma ukufakwa okulimele. Hlola amarola, izingxenye zokudlulisela, isistimu esebenza ngamanzi, nesistimu yokugcoba ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi akukho ukuguga, ukuxega, noma ukuvuza kukawoyela. Qinisekisa ukuthi bonke onogada nemishini yokuzivikela bafakwe ngokuqinile futhi bangasebenza ngokujwayelekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlola izinto zokusetshenziswa okufanele zicutshungulwe ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi zihlangabezana nemininingwane yokucubungula yomshini wokugoqa iphrofayili; izinto ezinobunzima obudlulele, ukujiya, noma amaphutha azivunyelwe ukufakwa emshinini ukugwema ukulimaza ama-roller kanye nokuthinta ukusebenza kwemishini.

     Okokugcina, lungiselela izinto zokuzivikela kanye namathuluzi akusayithi. Abasebenzisi kufanele bagqoke izingubo zokusebenza ezimpintshayo, izibuko zokuphepha, izicathulo zokusebenza ezivimbela ukushelela, futhi bagweme ukugqoka izingubo ezixegayo, ubucwebe, noma izinwele ezinde ezingaboshiwe, ukuze bagweme ukuzibandakanya emishinini ezungezisayo. Lungiselela amathuluzi akhethekile okulungiswa kwemishini kanye nokuphatha impahla ukuze uqinisekise ukusetshenziswa okulula nokuphephile ngesikhathi sokusebenza.

Izimiso Zokusebenza Ezisemthethweni

     Ngesikhathi sokusebenza okusemthethweni komshini wokugoqa iphrofayili, ukunamathela ngokuqinile ezinkambisweni zokusebenza kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukuphepha komuntu siqu kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.

Ngaphambi kokuqala okokusebenza, qinisekisa ukuthi abekho abasebenzi abangabalulekile noma abahlukahlukene eduze komshini, nokuthi indawo yokusebenza ihlanzekile futhi ayinazihibe. Qala okokusebenza ngokuhambisana nokulandelana okubekiwe, qala ngokuyigijima ingenzi lutho imizuzu emi-3-5, bheka ukuthi ama-roller azungeza kahle yini, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunomsindo ongajwayelekile noma ukudlidliza, bese uhlola ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zokuthambisa kanye ne-hydraulic. Kuphela ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinkomba zivamile lapho ukucubungula okusemthethweni kungenziwa.

     Ngesikhathi sokucubungula, lawula ngokuqinile isivinini sokudla kanye nenani lokudla. Ukondla ngokushesha okukhulu noma kakhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa kuzodala umthwalo oweqile emishinini, okuholela ekugugelweni kwamarola, ukuminyana kwezinto, noma ngisho nokulimala kwemishini. Ama-opharetha kufanele aphakele izinto ngokulinganayo nangokunganyakazi, futhi aqondanise okokusebenza ne-roller track ukugwema ukuchezuka. Akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukubeka izandla noma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba eduze kwama-rolling, i-port feed, nezingxenye zokudlulisela ngesikhathi sokusebenza; uma ukulungiswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo noma ukulungiswa kokuchezuka kuyadingeka, sebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile esikhundleni sokuthintana ngqo nezandla.

     Ngaphezu kwalokho, opharetha abavunyelwe ukushiya okuthunyelwe kwabo ngaphandle kwemvume ngesikhathi sokusebenza komshini wokugoqa iphrofayili. Kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi banake isimo sokusebenza kwemishini kanye nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo ecutshunguliwe. Uma kutholakala izimo ezingajwayelekile, kufanele bawumise ngokushesha umshini ukuze uhlolwe esikhundleni sokuqhubeka nokusebenza unamaphutha. Akuvunyelwe futhi ukulungisa isikhala samarola noma ukushintsha izingxenye lapho okokusebenza kusebenza ukuvimbela izingozi zokuphepha.

Ukugcinwa Nokuhlanza Ngemva Kokuhlinzwa

     Ukugcinwa kanye nokuhlanza okufika ngesikhathi ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kunganciphisa ukuguga kwemishini, kuvimbele amaphutha, futhi kunwebe impilo yesevisi yomshini wokugoqa iphrofayela.

     Ngemuva kokuthi umsebenzi wokucubungula usuqediwe, misa okokusebenza ngokuhambisana nokulandelana okucacisiwe kokuvala shaqa, unqamule ugesi namandla we-hydraulic, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi okokusebenza kumiswe ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokushiya indawo yokusebenza. Okokuqala, hlanza okokusebenza nendawo yokusebenza: susa izinsalela zensimbi ezisele, uthuli, nama-sundries kuma-roller, etafuleni lokuphakelayo, kanye naseduze kwempahla ukugwema ukunqwabelana kokungcola okuthinta ukusebenza okuvamile kwempahla. Sebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlanza akhethekile ukuze uhlanze i-roller surface ngobumnene ukuze ugweme ukunwaya i-roller.

     Bese, wenze ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kumishini. Hlola isimo sokuthambisa sengxenye ngayinye yokudlulisela bese wengeza uwoyela wokugcoba noma ugrisi ngesikhathi esifanele ngokuvumelana nezidingo zesondlo ukuze uqinisekise ukugcotshwa okuhle kwemishini nokunciphisa ukuguga kwemishini. Hlola ukuqina kwamabhande okudlulisela, amaketanga, namabhawudi, futhi uwaqinise kusenesikhathi uma exege. Hlola izinga likawoyela we-hydraulic kanye nekhwalithi kawoyela; uma uwoyela we-hydraulic ungenele noma uwohloka, ugcwalise noma ubeke esikhundleni ngokuhambisana nemithethonqubo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlunga futhi ugcine imikhiqizo ecutshunguliwe kanye nezinto ezingasetshenzisiwe ukuze ugcine indawo yokusebenza icocekile.

     Yakha uhlelo olujwayelekile lokulungisa: phatha ukunakekelwa okuphelele komshini wokugoqa iphrofayili njalo, okuhlanganisa ukuhlola izinga lokuguga lamarola, ukufaka esikhundleni sezingxenye ezisengozini, ukulungisa iphutha lokunemba kwezisetshenziswa, kanye nokurekhoda isimo sokunakekela. Izisebenzi ezilungisa izinto ezisebenza kahle kufanele zihlelelwe ukulungiswa njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi okokusebenza kuhlala kusesimweni esihle sokusebenza.

Izinyathelo Zokuvikela Ukuphepha

     Ukuvikela ukuphepha kuyinto ehamba phambili ekusetshenzisweni komshini wokugoqa amaphrofayili, futhi bonke opharetha kufanele baqinisekise ngokuqinile ukuqwashisa ngokuphepha futhi balandele ngokuqinile imithetho yezokuphepha.

Okokuqala, sebenzisa ngokuqinile imithetho yokusebenza kokuphepha kwemishini, futhi ungalokothi wenze imisebenzi engekho emthethweni njengokulayisha ngokweqile, isivinini esikhulu, noma ukusebenza okuphoqelelwe kwesisetshenziswa esinamaphutha. Onogada kanye nezinsimbi zokumisa izimo eziphuthumayo zempahla akumele zihlakazwe noma zivinjwe ngokuthanda kwakhe; qinisekisa ukuthi inkinobho yokumisa isimo esiphuthumayo ingacushwa ngokushesha esimweni esiphuthumayo.

     Okwesibili, yenza umsebenzi omuhle ekuvimbeleni umlilo kanye nomsebenzi wokulwa ne-slip endaweni yokusebenza. Gcina indawo yomile futhi icocekile, gwema amabala kawoyela phansi adala izingozi ezishelelayo. Okokusebenza ekusebenzisa uwoyela we-hydraulic noma wokugcoba, thatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela umlilo, futhi uvimbele amalangabi avulekile nokubhema eduze kwezinto zokusebenza. Hlomisa izinto zokucisha umlilo endaweni esobala futhi uqinisekise ukuthi opharetha bangazisebenzisa ngobunono.

     Okwesithathu, cacisa izibopho zeposi, futhi unqabele abangewona abaqhubi ukuthi bangene endaweni yokusebenza kwezisetshenziswa. Uma abantu abaningi babambisana emsebenzini, cacisa ukuhlukaniswa kwabasebenzi, benza umyalo obumbene, futhi bagweme ukusebenzisa kabi okubangelwa ukusebenzisana okungahambisani. Kubaqhubi, ukuqeqeshwa okuvamile kokuphepha kanye nokuhlolwa kwamakhono kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqwashisa kwabo ngokuphepha kanye namandla okuphendula izimo eziphuthumayo.

Ukuphatha Amaphutha kanye Nezinyathelo Eziphuthumayo

     Esimeni lapho okokusebenza kungasebenzi noma isimo esiphuthumayo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, ukuphatha ngendlela efanele nangesikhathi kunganciphisa ukulahlekelwa futhi kugweme ukulimala komuntu siqu.

     Uma umsindo ongavamile, ukudlidliza okukhulu, ukuminya kwempahla, ukuvuza kwe-hydraulic, noma amanye amaphutha kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokusebenza komshini wokugoqa iphrofayili, u-opharetha kufanele acindezele ngokushesha inkinobho yokumisa izimo eziphuthumayo ukuze anqamule ugesi, bese enze ukuhlola nokubamba. Kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuxazulula inkinga noma ukususa izinto eziminyene lapho okokusebenza kusebenza. Ngamaphutha amancane angasingathwa uwena, awaphathe ngokuhambisana nemithethonqubo ngemuva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi okokusebenza kumisiwe; ngamaphutha amakhulu anjengokulimala kwamarola, ukuhluleka kwesistimu ye-hydraulic, noma amaphutha kagesi, bika ngokushesha kubasebenzi bokuphatha futhi uhlele izisebenzi zokunakekela eziqeqeshiwe ukuze zilungiswe, futhi ungahlakazi noma ulungiswe ngaphandle kwemvume.

     Esimeni sezingozi zokulimala komuntu siqu njengokugxambukela kwemishini noma ukusikwa, misa umshini ngokushesha ukuze uhlenge abalimele, futhi ufune ukwelashwa ngesikhathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, vikela indawo yengozi, uphenye imbangela yengozi, futhi uthuthukise izinqubo zokusebenza ukuze ugweme izingozi ezifanayo ukuthi zingaphinde zenzeke.

     Sengiphetha, ukusetshenziswa komshini wokugoqa iphrofayili kumele kuhambisane nezimiso zokuphepha kuqala, ukusebenza okujwayelekile, nokugcinwa njalo. Kuphela ngokulandela ngokuqinile izinyathelo zokuphepha ezihlukahlukene, ukuqinisa ukuqeqeshwa nokuphathwa komsebenzisi, singakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile nokusebenza kahle kwemishini, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokucubungula umkhiqizo, nokudala indawo yokukhiqiza ephephile futhi ezinzile yokusebenza kwezimboni. Bonke abasebenzi abafanelekile kufanele bahlale bekhumbula imininingwane yokuphepha, benze umkhuba ukusebenza ngendlela efanayo, futhi badlale ngokugcwele izinzuzo zokusebenza komshini wokugoqa amaphrofayili kuyilapho beqinisekisa ukuphepha komuntu siqu nokokusebenza.